An income tax is a tax imposed on individuals or entities (taxpayers) that varies with respective income or profits (taxable income). Income tax generally is computed as the product of a tax rate times taxable income. Taxation rates may vary by type or characteristics of the taxpayer.
Tax deduction at source (TDS) is a means of collecting tax on income, dividends or asset sales, by requiring the payer (or legal intermediary) to deduct tax due before paying the balance to the payee.